Ergothioneine (EGT) yog cov tshuaj antioxidant amino acid. Nws tau pom thawj zaug los ntawm Fab Kis tus kws muag tshuaj Charles Tanret hauv xyoo 1909 thaum nws tab tom kawm ergot fungi uas rhuav tshem cov nplej.
Hauv qhov xwm txheej, muaj ob isomers, L (levorotatory) thiab D (dextrorotatory). Ergothioneine feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm L-EGT, thiab daim ntawv D muaj tsawg los yog tsis muaj kev ua si.
Tib neeg tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov EGT ncaj qha thiab tsuas tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev noj haus. Ntawm cov khoom noj uas tib neeg, EGT yog dav pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj tau, xws li boletus, nceb grey, nceb shiitake, huab tais oyster nceb, thiab hericium erinaceus.
ergothioneine ua dab tsi?
Clearing dawb radicals thiab anti-oxidation tuaj yeem daws teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm qhov chaw, uas tau lees paub los ntawm ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb. Thiab EGT sawv tawm los ntawm ntau cov khoom xyaw nquag los ntawm kev tso siab rau nws lub zog tiag tiag hauv kev tiv thaiv oxidation, uas yog, tiv thaiv thiab kho cov tawv nqaij los ntawm qhov chaw endogenous thiab txhim kho daim tawv nqaij ua haujlwm.
Bruce Ames, tus tswv cuab ntawm US National Academy of Sciences, kws kho mob qog noj ntshav thiab tiv thaiv kev laus, thiab tus xibfwb ntawm Department of Biochemistry thiab Molecular Biology ntawm University of California, hu ergothioneine yog "kev noj qab haus huv ntev."
Dr. BD Paul ntawm Johns Hopkins University Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tshuaj Kho Mob tau pom tias EGT tsuas yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntev ntev uas nkag mus rau mitochondria thiab cell nucleus [3]. Nws siv "OCTN-1 transporter" los tshem tawm ROS dawb radicals ntawm ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb. EGT raug thauj mus rau mitochondria, lub ntsiab "lesion" ntawm cov dawb radical ntau lawm hauv hlwb, los tiv thaiv mitochondria los ntawm oxidative kev puas tsuaj thaum ncaj qha tshem tawm reactive oxygen dawb radicals, yog li tshem tawm cov kev laus ntawm cov hauv paus hniav. Yog li, EGT tau yooj yim absorbed los ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab muaj cov nyhuv antioxidant ntev.
Kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias kev tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm EGT feem ntau cuam tshuam txog peb yam: tiv thaiv oxidation, tiv thaiv kev yees duab thiab kev tiv thaiv mitochondria. Nws tuaj yeem nkag siab tias yog kev tiv thaiv UV puas tsuaj, tshem tawm cov dawb radicals, smoothing, firming thiab wrinkle tshem tawm.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm ergothioneine
Ergothioneine tuaj yeem ua tiav kev txhim kho hla ciam teb hauv kev lag luam xws li tshuaj pleev ib ce, khoom noj khoom haus, khoom noj khoom haus thiab biomedicine.
Ntawm lawv, tshuaj pleev ib ce yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv teb ntawm EGT. Tebchaws Asmeskas thiab Europe yog cov lag luam loj tshaj plaws rau EGT. Lawv suav tias EGT yog lub cim thib tsib antioxidant thiab siv nws hauv ntau lub npe tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Tsis tas li ntawd, L-EGT aqueous tov kuj muaj kev txuag zaub mov zoo. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev kho tom qab sau qoob Agaricus bisporus nrog L-EGT cov tshuaj tuaj yeem ua rau nws cov xim daj thiab ua kom nws lub neej ntev.
L-EGT aqueous kua muab rho tawm los ntawm Flammulina velutipes tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv kev tsim cov hlau hemoglobin hauv bigeye tuna nqaij, tiv thaiv lipid peroxidation hauv cov nqaij tuna, thiab tswj nws cov xim ci. Nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, nceb extracts nplua nuj nyob rau hauv L-EGT tuaj yeem inhibit lipid oxidation hauv cov nqaij ntses salmon.
Hauv xyoo 2016, European Union tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv tshaj tawm kev nyab xeeb rau L-EGT ua cov khoom noj ntxiv, ntxiv rau txoj hauv kev rau kev thov L-EGT hauv kev khaws zaub mov.